Clonidine is not in a category of high potential for abuse medication by the United States government. As a result, it has fewer restrictions, and it is less risky to take it for abuse. Unfortunately, much of clonidine abuse starts in rehabilitation centers as it is a common medication for opioid and alcohol withdrawal treatment. Since it helps to reduce withdrawal symptoms and cravings, clinicians should evaluate their concerns about the potential of trading addictions.
It is essential to notify the patients and try to screen for signs of dependency on clonidine as listed below [7] :. Clonidine is prescribed by many healthcare professionals, including primary care providers, cardiologists, psychiatrists, internists, NPs, and PAs. Besides hypertension, clonidine has multiple off-label uses, such as the management of withdrawal symptoms from opioids, benzodiazepines, and alcohol, analgesia, and for treatment of anxiety, insomnia, and post-traumatic stress disorder PTSD.
The drug is also known to cause physical and psychological dependence. Journal of Nepal Health Research Council.
Pelayo R,Yuen K, Pediatric sleep pharmacology. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America. Drugs for ADHD. The Medical letter on drugs and therapeutics. The Cochrane database of systematic reviews. Anesthesiology and pain medicine. Journal of medical toxicology : official journal of the American College of Medical Toxicology. Continuing Education Activity Clonidine is an antihypertensive medication that acts on alpha-adrenergic and imidazoline receptor agonists.
Steadier dosing. When you take an oral drug, you achieve a high initial blood concentration of the active ingredient. Then, the levels slowly decline until you take the next dose. With a patch, drug levels are more evenly sustained throughout the day—or even for days at a time. More convenient. Some patches can be applied once a week. Downside: The main drawback of topicals is the cost. Remove patches before MRIs. Always consult a competent professional for answers specific to your questions and circumstances.
It is concluded that transdermal clonidine is similar in its effect to oral clonidine in mild to moderate hypertension. Transdermal clonidine once a week may increase patients' compliance with antihypertensive treatment. Indications: hypertension, smoking cessation, cyclosporine nephrotoxicity, menopausal flushing, and opioid withdrawal. Indications: alcohol withdrawal, smoking cessation, restless-leg syndrome, ADHD, Tourette syndrome, menopausal flushing, dysmenorrhea, postherpetic neuralgia, and psychosis.
Indications: epidural infusion form in cancer pain not controlled by opioid analgesics and as an adjunct in anesthesia. Adverse Effects Clonidine, like any other medication, has the potential for short-term and long-term side effects.
Some of the common side effects based on FDA reports include: Common Reactions tend to resolve with continued therapy Abdominal pain. Depression is one of the rarely reported side effects with the chronic use of clonidine; however, because of the variety of applications this medication has, and also because of its slow progress, physicians should monitor patients for signs of depression.
Contraindications Hypersensitivity to medication, class of alphaagonist. Monitoring Clonidine has a black box warning for appropriate use. Epidural clonidine is not recommended for obstetrical and postpartum perioperative pain control because of the increased risk of hemodynamic instabilities like hypotension and bradycardia.
Experience withdrawal symptoms such as nausea, vomiting, dizziness, headache, insomnia, restlessness, or anxiety when trying to stop taking clonidine. Enhancing Healthcare Team Outcomes Clonidine is prescribed by many healthcare professionals, including primary care providers, cardiologists, psychiatrists, internists, NPs, and PAs.
Review Questions Access free multiple choice questions on this topic. Comment on this article. References 1. J Nepal Health Res Counc. Effect of opioid-free anaesthesia on postoperative epidural ropivacaine requirement after thoracic surgery: A retrospective unmatched case-control study. Anaesth Crit Care Pain Med.
Pelayo R, Yuen K. Pediatric sleep pharmacology. Drugs for ADHD. Med Lett Drugs Ther. Pharmacological therapies for management of opium withdrawal. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. Anesth Pain Med.
J Med Toxicol.
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